Arrangement for the regular formation of characters



J. KAUFMANN 2,045,360

NT FOR THE REGULAR FORMATION OF CHARACTERS Ewe 23, 1936.

ARRANGEME Filed Aug. 24, 1935 IN VENTOR I Jah'a rma Kaufmarm ATTORNEYS:

Patented June 23, 1936 uNiTE'o" sTATss ARRANGEMENT FOR .THE- itEGtiLAR IFORMATION OF CHARACTERS Johanna Kaufmann,

Mulheim on the Germany, assignor to Irene Strauss, Mulheim-1on-the-Ruhr, Germany,- and berg, Dusseldorf, Germany Ludwig Franken-Application August 24, 1935Q-S erial- No.37,766 l In Germany February14, 1934 a 4 Claims.

An arrangement has already been proposed for facilitating the drawing ofregular written characters but in this known arrangementit is necessaryto employ a special composition for each style and size of writingbecause a continuous exchange of type, style and size is extremelyinconvenient and tedious and thus uneconomical.

The object of the present invention is to avoid these disadvantages byensuring a precise determination of size and style of the characters aswell as the determination of the spacing between characters withgreatest accuracy by means of two-part slide gauges which are provided.

Not only does the present device make it possible to determineallmagnitudes relating to the art of writing characters with the exclusionof any expert knowledge but it is also as simple as possible and thus isextremely practical and economlcal.

The subject of the invention is represented in the accompanying drawingin which:

Fig. 1 shows a plan view and Fig. 2 a side view of one constructionalform.

As seen from Fig. 1 the arrangement consists primarily of the upper headboard a, the vertical scale b and the horizontal scale 0. Mounted on thehead board a is an interchangeable graduated protractor d which servesfor setting the direction for oblique characters. Also carried by thehead board is a sliding gauge e which is supplemented by a second uppersliding gauge f. The object of these two gauges is to indicate thecorrect width of the characters and the correct spacing betweencharacters by a corresponding sliding motion. Accordingly the head boarda is provided with a horizontal slot 9 and a vertical slot h, avertically arranged alphabet i being visible adjacent the latter. Ahandle lc detachably secured to the head board a serves for holding theentire arrangement which consists of any suitable material.

The upper part of the graduated scale b is secured to the head board aby means of the securing screw Z. The upper end of the scale 11- alsocarries a pointer m which on rocking the scale 1) indicates thenecessary slope of the characters. At the lower end of the scale 11 is aclip 11. on which the sliding scale 0 is supported in its rest position.

The sliding bar c which has a double scale is provided with a shoe 0removably sliding in the vertical direction on the scale b. Two drawingpencil carriers 1), n as Well as a resilient compass point q are mountedso as to be laterally displaceable on the slide bar 0.

The slide gauge j serves to determine the width of the characters andthe slide gauge e serves to determine the separation between characters.

The mode of utilization of the arrangement according to the presentinvention is as follows:

The width of the characters is read 01f at f. In order to determine theseparation between characters, the character in questionis adjusted atthe top of the vertical slot h by means of the slide gauge e and theseparation is read mi in the slot adjacent the stationary alphabet i inthat the adjusted character is taken as that which follows one of thecharacters in the alphabet. As the slide gauges give the dimensions forcharacters cm. high, the face of the character is computed on thisbasis. For a multiple of the basic height of 10 cm. the same multiple istaken of the width and separation and then the size is obtained which isrequired for the face of the character. An upper and lower line are nowdrawn to correspond to the height of the characters and the charactersare then formed. In accordance with the height of the characters thethickness of the outline of the characters is adjusted on the slide bar0 in such manner that the two pencil holders p, p on one scale and theresilient compass point q on the second scale are adjusted to thefigures which correspond to the height of the selected characters. Forexample with characters40 cm. high the pencil holders :0, p are set tothe number 40 on one scale and the resilient compass point q is also setto the number 40 on the other scale, so that the appropriate thicknessof outline is obtained.

By means of the handle 7c the upper head board a is held with its loweredge against the upper line, the pointer m is set to the desiredposition on the protractor d and then taking care that the pencils reston the surface to be inscribed, the

- sliding bar 0 is moved upwardly so that a double line is obtained forthe stroke of an upright character. For oblique strokes of a characterthe same manipulation is employed after first setting the pointer m tothe line on the protractor d which corresponds to the character which isto be drawn, the screw 1 being released to permit this adjustment andthen being tightened again.

For rounded and circular characters the bar 0 alone is employed and thecompass point q adjusted to correspond with the drawing pencils ispositioned at the centre of the character and the appropriate radius isstruck above or below, to the right or to the left. By providing anextension on the scale 1) letters of any desired height can be produced.

cate on said protractor the angular position of the, of the graduatedscale and provided with two scales, and 7 scale, a slide bar slidablelongitudinally pencil holders adjustable longitudinally of said bar. r

2. In an arrangement for the regular formation of characters, takingparticular account of the spacing of all characters, sizes and styles,comprising a protractor, a bar carrying a graduated scale pivotallymounted on said protractor and extending beyond one edge thereof, apointer carried by said bar in position to indicate on said protractorthe angular position of the bar, a cross bar slidable longitudinally ofthe graduated scale and provided with two scales, and pencil holdersadjustable longitudinally of said cross bar.

3. In an arrangement according to claim 2, comprising a slidable shoeslidable on and removable from the first bar for carrying the cross bar.

4. In an arrangement according to claim 2, comprising a slidable shoeslidable on and removable from the first bar for carrying the cross barand a clip at the lower end of the first bar to engage the slide shoewhen the cross bar is not in use.

JOHANNA KAUFMANN.

